Field-structure for synchronous-electric motors



Feb. 20, 1940. POOLE 2,191,220

FR ED-STRUCTURE FOR SYNCHRONOUS-ELECTRIC MOTORS Original Filed Dec. 5, 1937 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 FIG. 2.

INVENTOR Arfhur 15. Pam/e BY F) I K BQ ATTORNEY Feb. 20, 1940.

FIELD-STRUCTURE FOR SYNCHRONOUS -ELECTRIC MOTORS Original Filed Dec. 3, 1937 V 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR Arfhur B. Pa a/e vBY - I ATTORNEY A. B. POOLE 2,191,220

Patented Febi 20, 1940 UNITED STATES FIELD-STRUCT amaze mm ron SYNCHBONOUS- ELECTRIC MOTORS Arthur B. Poole, Bristol E. Ingraham Compan poration of Connecticut Coma, anignor to The i, Bristol, Coma, a cor- Original application December 3, 193'], Serial No.

177,839. Divided and 1938, Serial No. 204,93

this 4 application April 29,

10 Claims. (Cl. 172-278) This invention relates to an improvement in field-structuresfor synchronous electric motors and is primarily concerned with field-structures for synchronous-electric motors of the type commonly used in propelling clocks and other timeinstruments, and constitutes .a division of my co-pending application Serial-No. 177,839, flied December 3, 1937.

One of the objects of the present invention is to provide a superior field-structure for synchronous-electric motors which may be relied upon to provide ample synchronous torque and self-starting torque in such proportion as will avoid one of the said torques so dominating the other as to result in the locking of the rotor, sub-synchronous speed or overrunnlng.

A further object is to provide a superior fieldstructure for synchronous-electric motors characterized by compactness and ease and facility E0 of assembly.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a superior field-structure having capacity for producing arotating-field eflect to provide for the supplying of self-starting torque and which 25 is characterized by having its salient poles interpositioned in such manner as to provide both synchronous torque and self-starting torque of substantially-constant relative force, despite variations in the voltage impressed upon the energizing-coil.

With the above and other objects in view as will appear to those skilled in the art from the present disclosure, this invention includes all features in the said disclosure which are novel over 5 the prior art and which are not claimed by me in a separate application.

As will be more fully apparent from the following, the present invention contemplates a field-structure having a novel arrangement and 0 interrelationship of its salient poles.

In the accompanying drawings, in which certain modes of carrying out the present invention are shown for illustrative purposes:

Fig. 1 is a view in front-enfi'elevation of a syn- 5 chronous-electricmotor embodying the fieldstructure of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a view thereof in side elevation;

Fig. 3 is a view of the motor-structure, partly in side elevation and partly in transverse section,

) taken on the line 3-! of Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken on the line 4-4 of Fig. 3, with the energizing-coil and the rotorunit in rear elevation;

Fig. 5 is a perspective view, part1 i of the cup-shaped pole-unit;

y in section,

Fig. 6 is a perspective view of the disk-like pole- 'unit;

Fig. 7 is a perspective view of the shading-disk of the cup-shaped pole-unit; 6

Fig. 8 is a similar view of the shading-disk of the disk-like pole-unit; and Fig. 91s a perspective view of one of the salient poles.

In accordance with the purposes of the present invention, there is provided a field-structure which operates to establish a rotating-field effect as well as a synchronous effect of such nature as to provide both synchronous torque and self-starting torque, which despite voltage changes are maintained in such relative proportions as to result in an electric motor-structure which may be relied upon to operate at uniform speed.

The field-structure by which the above results are arrived at comprises two magnetic-portions which extend in substantial parallelism and. from each of which projects groups of pairs of salient poles magnetically coupled to their respective magnetic-portions and arranged in a novel manner, as will more fully hereinafter appear.

In the particular form of the present invention here selected for illustration, the two magnetic-portions of the field-structure comprise a cup-shaped pole-unit, designated as a whole by the reference character i0, and a complementary disk-like pole-unit, designated in general by the reference character -i I. The cup-shaped pole-unit i 0, above referred to, may be'said to comprise in general a disk-like end-wall III which may be viewed as a magneticportion complementing the disk-like pole-unit or magnetic-portion ii, and a flange lll projecting rearwardly from the said end-wall ill. The cupshaped pole-unit it now being described is composed of a relatively-deep outer cup-shaped 40 member designated as a whole by the reference character I! and an inner, relatively-shallow cupshaped member generally designated by the reference character IS. The outer cup-shaped member II, just above referred to, includes a disk-like end-wall l2 and a rearwardly-extending annular flange l2. Similarly, the inner cupshaped member I which is snugly fitted within the outer cup-shaped member i2, comprises a disk-like end-wall II and a rearwardly-projecting annular flange II" which terminates short of the outer end of the flange II" of the cup-shaped member II, as is clearly shown in Figs. 3 and 5.

The disk-like pole-imit ll comprises an inner .diskiland an outer disk ll, both of which are 66 installed within the open outer end of the cupshaped pole-unit It so that the said inner disk I4 is in engagement with the outer end of the annular flange l3 of the inner cup-shaped member I! of the pole-unit ill in a position forwardly hereinafter appear.

In the form of the. invention illustrated, an annularly-arranged series of three (more or less) pairs of salient poles i5 projects rearwardly from the disk-like end-wallill" of the cup-shaped poleunit I0. In a similar manner, an annularlyarranged series of three (more or less) pairs of salient poles I1 is carried by and projects forwardly from the disk-like pole-unit H. v

As shown, see Figs. 5 and 6, each of the magnetic-portions, or pole-units .IO and II, is provided withsix salient poles which are arranged in three corresponding pairs l6 and ll respectively. The arrangement of the groups of pairs of salient poles of each of the said pole-units about the axis of the structure formed by the complemental pole-units l0 and II, is such that the individual salient poles of each pair are closelyadjacent and each of the pairs of salientpoles of each of the said pole-units is more widely spaced with respect "to its neighboring pairs of salient poles.

The relatively-widely-spaced pairs of salient poles ii of the cup-shaped pole-unit ID are arranged in staggered relation with respect to the relatively-widely-spaced pairs of salient poles ll of disk-like pole-unit l l, and" the wide spaces between the pairs of salient poles of each pole-unit provides gaps for the accommodation respectively of the pairs of salient poles of the complemental pole-unit.

In the preferred arrangement, the pairs of salient poles i6 and' i1 correspond to each other in size and form and are interchangeable for the purpose of economy of manufacture. Also, in the illustrated embodiment of the invention each of the salient poles throughout the major portion of its length is of substantially-rectangular form in cross-section, but is preferably formed with a slightly-convex outer face l8 and a slightly-com cave inner face i9, both of which faces extend substantially concentric with the axis of the fieldstructure. At one end each of the salient poles is formed with a cylindrical shank 20 which extends with a drivefit into a suitable perforation in the disk-like structure of its particular poleunit, to firmly anchor the particular salient pole in place. The projecting ends of the salient poles may, if desired and as shown, be formed with a relatively-large cylindrical. portion 2! and a rela tively-small cylindrical stabilizing-tenonfl.

Located between the end-wall Ill of the cupshaped pole unit l0 and the disk-like pole-unit II, and within the flange I 0* of the said cupshaped pole-unit i0, is a ring-like energizing coil 24. The ring-like energizing-coil 24 is carried on the convex outer faces I8 of the two interfitting annular series of pairs of salient poles I6 and i1, and is provided with two insulated leads 25 and fljvhich maybe connected with a source of current supply in any well-known m'anner.

Means are provided whereby a rotating-field effect is established in. the field-structure, and in the arrangement shown, this result is accomplished by short-circuiting means which extend about one individual salient pole of each of the pairs of salient poles i6 and H of the respective pole-units l0 and H.

In the preferred embodiment of the invention. a shading-disk 21 formed of copper or other material of highelectrical conductivity, is posi-, tioned against the inner face of the end-wall Hi of thecup-shaped pole-unit l0 and is formed with an annular series of substantially-rectangular perforations 28, each of which is so shaped and arranged as to snugly fit over the base-portion of one of the salient poles of the cup-shaped pole-unit [0. As is shown particularly well in Figs. 5 and 7, veach alternate one 28* of the polygonal perforations 28 isintersected by a radial slot 29., In this manner, the flow of induced current in the portion of the shading-disk 21 which surrounds each salient pole it of each pair vH5 of the said cup-shaped pole-unit, is interrupted. The remaining three perforations 28 are'not intersected by radial slots and-the material of the said shading-disk surrounding the salient poles [6 of the pairs I6 is continuous and provides a low-resistance electrical path for the flow of induced current around the particular three saidsalient poles 16 which project through the non-intersected perforations 28*.

A shading-disk 30 corresponding in its main features and functions to the shading-disk 21, is

located against the inner face of the disk l4 of disk-like pole-unit H and is also provided with six substantially-rectangular perforations 3 I, each of which snugly, fits 'over the base-portionof one individual of each pair of salient poles llof the said disk-like pole-unit. As is clearly shown .in Figs. 6 and 8, each alternate one of the ations, indicated at 3| are not intersected by radial slots and a low-resistance electrical path is thus provided inthe portion of shading-disk 30 surrounding each of the said salient poles I I which passes through a non-intersected perforation of the said shading-disk 30.

From the foregoing, it will be apparent that when the energizing-coil 24 receives current and causes magnetic-flux to flow through the salient poles of the pole-units I0 and II, the flow of induced current in the portions of the shadingdisks 2'! and 30 which surround the salient poles IG and I1", respectively, will interfere with the flow of magnetic-flux through these salient poles and the flux will lag'with respect to the magneticfiux flowing through the salient poles Hi and I! of the pole-units i0 and II, which last-named salient poles pass through the intersected perjorations of the shading-disks '21 and 30, re-

spectively. In this manner a rotating-field effect is produced and self-starting torque is developed.

to self-starting torque as to avoid possible locking or overrunning. Y

As has been described and as is particularly well shown in Fig. 4, the individual salient poles of any given pair thereof of either the said poleunits are arranged relatively close to each other, and each of the pairs oi salient poles is more widely spaced-with respect to its neighboring pairs of the same pole-unit. This arrangement provides between the respective pairs of salient poles of each pole-unit a relatively-wide gap' for the accommodation of the respective pairs of salient poles of the complemental pole-unit. When the pairs of salient poles of each pole-unit are fitted into the gaps between the respective pairs of salient poles of the other pole-unit, the arrangement is such that the salient poles of like polarity are spaced relatively-widely apart, while the salient poles of unlike polarity are spaced in close proximity to each other.

The magnetic-flux flowing through the salient poles of the pole-units acts on and drives a rotorunit, which, in turn, drives a train of mechanism, including speed reduction gearing and a poweroutput shaft.

The particular arrangements of the rotor-unit and associated mechanism form no essential part of this invention and will be but briefly described here.

The rotor-unit, generally designated by the reference character 33, has rigidly mounted on a hub of the rotor-unit a pair of corresponding but oppositely-facing rotor-elements 34-34, preferably formed of permanent-magnet steel or the like and spaced from each other-by a salientpoled rotor-element. 35 composed of soft iron or other non-permanent-magnetic material. The rotor-elements 34, owing to their permaneniw magnet character, are adapted to receive magnetic spottings, which will be impressed upon them by the adjacent salient poles of the fieldstructure, in accordance with well understood principles in the art.

Extending axially'through the rotor-unit 33 is a center-arbor 36. The rotor-unit 33 carries a pinion 31 which bears with freedom for rotation upon the said center-arbor 36 and meshes into and drives a gear-wheel 33. The gear-wheel 33 rigidly carries a pinion 33 which, in turn, drives a gear-wheel 40 secured on the said center-arbor 36.. Secured to the rear of the .said center-arbor 36 is a pinion 4| whichmeshes with and drives a gear-wheel 42. The said gear-wheel 42 is staked or otherwise secured to the rear end of a power-output shaft 43 which extends forwardly through a bearing-bushing 44, which in turn passes through and is rigidly mounted in the endwall III of thecup-shaped pole-unit Hi.

It will be apparent from the foregoing description that there is provided a particularly advan= tageous field-structure, especially with respect to the interfitting arrangement of the pairs of salient poles, in which the pairs of salient poles of each of the two pole-units project toward the complemental pole-unit and into gaps provided between the pairs of salient poles of each poleunit to accommodate the pairs of salient poles, of the other pole-unit. These features, together with .the short-circuiting means provided for the magnetic circuit of alternate salient poles of the pairs of salient poles of each pole-unit, provide simple and efllcient means for producing a rotating-fleld effect and developing and maintaining self-starting torque and synchronous torque of substantially-definite relative values, to avoid of the field-structure.

lagtging, lock-in or over-running operation of the ro r.

The use of magnetic-portions comprising a cup-shaped pole-unit and a disk-like pole-unit provides other desirable operating arrangements. The end-wall ill of the cup-shaped pole-unit It serves as a disk-like magnetic-portion similar to the disk-like pole-unit II, and to the disklike portion of the said cup-shaped pole-unit the salient poles it are magnetically coupled. The outer edge of the flange l3 of the inner cupshaped member H, as described, is engaged by the inner surface of the inner disk l4, and the said flange serves as aspacing-element inasmuch as .it holds the two pole-units in spaced relationship and, together with the flange I 2', provides a magnetic path between the disk-like portions of the respective pole-units. The two pole-units l0 and H comprise a complete magnetic-frame, within which the energizing-coil 24 and the rotorunit 33 of the structure are contained.

In providing arrangements whereby the described electromagnetic functions are carried out in a superior manner, the invention has contemplated other desirable arrangements in accomplishing these results.

As will be clear from the description and the drawings, the disk-like pole-unit H flts within the open forward end of the flange i2 of the outer cup-shaped member l2 of the cup-shaped pole-unit l0, and is held in such spaced relationship with respect to the end-wall ll) of the said cup-shaped pole-unit by the flange I 3 so as to accommodate the rotor-unit and other elements The salient poles correspend as to size and form and areinterchangeable, and are further arranged in an annular series in the disk-like portions'of the respective pole-units in which they are carried. As has been described, the pairs of salient poles of one pole-unit are accommodated between the pairs of salient poles of the other pole-unit to form a single annular series of salient poles.

From the above description it will be seen that the field-structure of my invention is comprised of few parts and that the pole-units can be easily assembled without particular skill being required. And that when the two pole-units are assembled they comprise a compactly-arranged, securelyheld. unitary field-structure.

Preferably, in completely-assembled form, the field-structure is contained in a sealing-housing comprising a cup-shaped housing-member 45, the forward or open end of which is closed by a flanged housing-cap 46 having an annular flange which fits over the exterior of the adjacent end of the flange of the cup-shaped housing-membermay be connected to exterior supply-wires 4! and 48 respectively, through terminal-fittings 43 and a 50, as shown, or by any other suitable means. The supply-wires 41 and 43 may lead to a source of alternating-current supply of commercial voltage and frequency.

The invention may be carried out in other specific ways than those herein set forth without departing from the spirit and essential characteristics of the invention, and the present embodiments are, therefore, to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, and all changes coming within the meaning and equivalency range of the appended claims are intended to be embraced. therein.

I claim: 1

1. A field-structure for synchronous-electric motors including in combination: a first magne'tic-portion; a second magnetic-portion spaced from the said first magnetic portion and extending in substantial parallelism therewith; magnetic-means extending between the said magnet'ic-portions at the outer portions thereof; the said magnetic-means acting to space the said magnetic-portions apart and coacting therewith to provide a magnetic-frame; an energizing-coil for magnetizing the two said magnetic-portions with opposite instantaneous polarity respectively; a first group of pairs of salient poles magnetically coupled to the said first magnetic-portion and projecting therefrom in the direction of the said second magnetic-portion; and a second group of pairs of salient poles magnetically coupled to the said second magnetic-portion and extending therefrom in the opposite direction toward the said first magnetic-portion; the oppositely-projecting groups of salient poles being coupled to the respective magnetic-portions in.- wardlyof the outer portions thereof and ofthe said magnetic-means extending therebetween to project within the said magnetic-frame; the individual salient poles of each pair of a given magnetic-portion being more closely spaced together than are the said pairs with respect to an adjacent pair of the given magnetic-portion,

thereby providing a gap between the respective pairs of salient poles of each of said magneticportions for the accommodation of a pair of salient poles of the other of said magnetic-portions.

2.'A field-structure for synchronous-electric motors including in combination: a first magnetic-portion; a second magnetic-portion spaced second magnetic-portion and extending therefrom in the opposite direction toward the said first magnetic-portion; the oppositely-projecting groups of salient poles being coupled to the respective magnetic-portions inwardly of the outer portions thereof and of the said magnetic-means extending ftherebetween to project within the said magnetic-frame; the individual salient poles of each pair of a given magnetic-portion being more closely spaced together than are the said pairs with respect to an adjacent pair of the given magnetic-portion, thereby providing a'gap between the respective pairs of salient poles of each of said magnetic-portions for the accommodation of a pair of salient poles of the other of said magnetic-portions; and short-circuiting means extending around but one individual salient pole' of each of the said pairs thereof to provide a rotating-field effect.

3. A field structurefor synchronous-electric motors including in combination: a first magnetic-portion; a second magnetic-portion spaced from the said first magnetic-portion and extend-l ing in substantial parallelism therewith; magnetic means extending between the said magneticportions at the outer portions thereof, the said magnetic means acting to space the said magnetic-portions apart and coacting therewith to provide a magnetic-frame; an energizing-coil for magnetizing the two said magnetic-portions with opposite instantaneous polarity respectively; a first group of pairs of salient poles magnetically coupled to the said first magnetic-portion and projecting therefrom in the direction of the said second magnetic-portion; a second groiip of pairs of salient poles magnetically coupled to the said second magnetic-portion and extending therefrom in the opposite direction toward the said first magnetic-portion; the oppositely-projecting groups of salient poles being coupled to the respective magnetic-portions inwardly of the outer portions thereof and of the said magnetic'means extending therebetween to project within the said magnetic-frame; the individual salient poles of each pair of a given magnetic-portion being more closely spaced-together than are the said pairs with respect to an adjacent-pair of the given magnetic-portion, thereby providing a gap be tween the respective pairs of salient poles of each of said magnetic-portions for the accommodation of a pair of salient poles of the other of said magnetic-portions; and a pair of disk-like short- -circuiting members respectively located closely adjacent each of the said magnetic-portions, each of the said short-circuiting members being perforated to fit over the salient poles of its adjacent magnetic-portion and providing a low electrical-resistance path around but one individual salient pole of each of the said pairs thereof to provide a rotating-field effect, 7

.4. A field-structure for synchronous-electric motors including in combination: a first disk-like magnetic-portion; a second disk-like magneticportion spaced from the said first disk-like magnetic-portion and extending in substantial parallelism therewith; magnetic-means carried by the first disk-like magnetic-portion adjacent the periphery thereof and extending laterally therefrom to be engagedby the said second disk-like magnetic-portion, the said magnetic-means acting to. hold the two said magnetic-portions in spaced relationship and also coacting therewith to provide a magnetic-frame; an energizing-coil located between the two said disk-like magneticportions and within the said magnetic-frame; a

- first group of pairs of salient poles magnetically coupled to the first said magnetic-portion and projecting therefrom in the direction of the said second magnetic-portion: and a second group of pairs of salient poles magnetically coupled to the said second magnetic-portion and extending therefrom in the opposite direction toward the 'said first magnetic-portion; the oppositely-projecting groups of salient poles being coupled to the respective magnetic-portions in radially-in wardly spaced relation to the said magneticmeans and being thereby alsolocated within the said magnetic-frame; the individual salient poles of each pair of a given magnetic-portion being more closely spaced together than are the said pairs with respect to an adjacent pair of the given magnetic-portion, thereby providing a gap between the respective pairs of salient poles of each of said magnetic-portions for the accommodation of apair of salient poles of the other of said magnetic-portions.

5. a field-structure for synchronous-electric motors including in combination: a first disk-like magnetic-portion; a second disk-like magneticportion spaced from the said first disk-like magnetic-portion and extending in substantial parallelism therewith; magnetic-means carried by the first disk-like magnetic-portion adjacent the periphery thereof and extending laterally therefrom to be engaged by the said second disk-like magnetic-portion, the said magnetic-means acting to hold the two said magnetic-portions in spaced relationship and also coacting therewith to provide a magnetic-frame; an energizing-coil located between the two said disk-like magneticportions and within the said magnetic-frame; a first group of pairs of salient poles magnetically coupled to the first said magnetic-portion and projecting therefrom in the direction of the said second magnetic-portion; a second group of pairs of salient poles magnetically coupled to the said second magnetic-portion and extending therefrom in the opposite direction toward the said first magnetic-portion; the oppositely-projecting groups of salient poles being coupled to the respective magnetic-portions in radially-inwardly spaced relation to the said magnetic-means and being thereby also located within the said magnetic-frame; the individual salient poles of each pair of a given magnetic-portion being more closely spaced together than are the said pairs with respect to an adjacent pair of the given magnetic-portion, thereby providing a gap between the respective pairs of polar-projections of each of said magnetic-portions for the accommodation of a pair of salient poles of the other I of said magnetic-portions; and short-circuiting means extending around but one individual salient pole of each of the said pairs thereof to provide a rotating-field effect.

6. A field-structure for synchronous-electric motors including in combination: a first disklike magnetic-portion; a second disk-like magnetic-portion spaced from the said first disk-like magnetic-portion and extending insubstantial parallelism therewith; magnetic-means carried by the first disk-like magnetic-portion adjacent the periphery thereof and extending laterally therefrom to be engaged by the said second disklike magnetic-portion, the said magnetic-means acting to hold the two said magnetic-portions in spacedrelationship and also coacting therewith to provide a magnetic-frame; an energizing-coil located between the two said disk-like magneticportions and within the said magnetic-frame; a

first group of pairs of salient poles magnetically coupled to the first said magnetic-portion and projecting therefrom in the direction of the said second magnetic-portion; a second group of pairs of salient poles magnetically coupled to the said second magnetic-portion and extending therefrom in the opposite direction toward the said first magnetic-portion; the oppositely-projecting groups of salient poles being coupled to the respective magnetic-portions in radially-inwardly spaced relation to the said magnetic-means and being thereby also. located within the said magnetic-frame; the individual salient poles of each r pair of a given magnetic-portion being more closely spaced together than are the said pairs with respect to an adjacent pair of the given magnetic-portion, thereby providing a gap between the respective pairs of salient poles of each of said magnetic-portions for the accommodation of a pair of salient poles of the other of said magnetic-portions; and a pair of. disk-like short-circuiting members respectively located closely adjacent eachv of the said magnetic-portions, each of the said short-circuiting members being per forated to fit over the salient poles of its adjacent magnetic-portion and providing a low electrical-resistance path around but one individual salient pole of each of the said pairs thereof to provide a rotating-field eifect.

7. A field-structure for synchronous electric motors including in combination: a cup-shaped magnetic-member and a disk-(like magneticmember; the said cup-shaped magnetic-member having anend-wall and an annular-flange, the said annular-flange engaging and holding the said disk-like magnetic-member in spaced relationship with respect to the end-wall of the said cup-shaped magnetic-member and also coacting with the said end-wall and with the said disklike magnetic-member to provide a magneticframe; an energizing-coil located within the said magnetic-frame for magnetizing the two said magnetic-members with opposite instantaneous polarity respectively; a first group of pairs of salient poles magnetically coupled to the endwall of the said cup-shaped magnetic-member and projecting therefrom in the direction of the said disk-like magnetic-member; and a second group of pairs of salient poles magnetically coupled to the said disk-like magnetic-member and extending therefrom in the opposite direction toward the end-wall of the said cup-like magneticmember; the oppositely-projecting groups of salient poles being coupled to the said end-wall and the said disk-like magnetic-member in radially-inwardly spaced relation to the annularfiange of the cup-shaped magnetic-member and being thereby also located within the said magnetic-frame; the individual salient poles of each pair of a given magnetic-member being more closely spaced'together than are the said pairs with respect to an adjacent pair of the given magnetic-portion, thereby providing a gap between the respective pairs of salient poles of each of the said magnetic-members for the accommodation of a pair of salient poles of the other. of said magnetic-portions.

8.A field-structure for synchronous electric motors including in combination: a cup-shaped magnetic-member and a disk-like magneticmember; the said cup-shaped magnetic-member having an end-wall and an annular-flange, the said annular-flange engaging and holding the said disk-like magnetic-member in spaced relationship with respect to the end-wall of the said cup-shaped magnetic-member and also coacting with the said end-wall and with the said disk-like magnetic-member to provide a magnetic-frame; an energizing-coil located within the said magnetic-frame for magnetizing the two said magnetic-members with opposite instantaneous polarity respectively; a first group of pairs of salient poles magnetically coupled to the end-wall of the said cup-shaped magnetic-member and projecting therefrom in the direction of the said disk-like magnetic-member; a second group of pairs of salient poles magnetically coupled to the said disk-like magnetic-member and extending therefrom in the opposite direction toward the end-wall of the said cup-like magnetic-member; the oppositely-projecting groups of salient poles being coupled to the said end-wall and the said disk-like magnetic-member in radially-inwardly spaced relation to the annular-flange of the cupshaped magnetic-member and being thereby also located within the said magnetic-frame; the individual salient poles of each pair of a given magnetic-member being more closely spaced together than are the said pairs with respect to an adjacent pair of the given magnetic-portion, thereby providing a gap between the respective pairs of salient poles of each of the said magnetic-members for the accommodation of a pair of salient poles of the other of said magneticportions; and short-circuiting means extending around but one individual salient polelofeach of the said pairs thereoi to provide a rotatingfield effect. I

9. A field-structure for synchronous-electric motors including in combination: a cup-shaped magnetic-member and a disk-like magnetic-memher; the said cup-shaped magnetic-member having an end-wall and an annular-flange, the said annular-flange engaging and holding the said disk-like magnetic-member in spaced relationship with respect to the end-wall of the said cup-shaped magnetic-member and also coacting with the said end-wall and with the said disk 20 like magnetic-member to provide a magneticframe; an energizing-coil located within the said magnetic-frame for magnetizing the two said magnetic-members with opposite instantaneous polarity respectively; a first group of pairsoi 25 salient poles magnetically coupled to the endwall of the said cup-shaped magnetic-member and projecting therefrom in the direction of the said disk-like magnetic-member; a second group of pairs of salientpoles magnetically coupled to the v 30 said disk-like magnetic-member and extending therefrom in the opposite direction toward the end-wall of the said cup-like magnetic-member; the oppositely-projecting groups 0! salient poles being coupled to the said end-wall and the said 35 disk-like magnetic-member in radially-inwardly spaced relation to the annular flange of the cup: shaped magnetic-member and being thereby also located within the said magnetic-frame; the individual salient poles of each pair or a given magnetic member being more closely spaced together than are the said pairs with respect to an adjacent pair of the given magnetic-portion, thereby providing a gap between the respective pairs of salient poles of each of the said magnetic-members for the accommodation of a pair of salient poles of the other of said magnetic portions; and a pair of disk-like short-circuiting the field-structure and comprising in turn an outer relatively-deep cup-shaped member and a relatively-shallow inner cup-shaped member fitted into the said outer relatively-deep cupshaped member and having; an annular flange terminating short of the annular flange of the latter; and a complemental disk-like pole-unit also arranged to carry 'poles of the field-structure fitted within the flange of the said outer relatively-deep cup-shaped member in position immediately adjacent the end of .the flange of the said inner relativelyeshallow cup-shaped member; the last-named annular-flange acting to space the disk-like pole-unit from the end-wall of the laminated cup-shaped pole-unit and also coacting with the annular-flange of the outer cup-shaped member and with the said endwall and the said disk-like pole-unit to provide an enclosing magnetic-irame.

ARTHUR B; POOLE. 

